1.创建一个脚本，能为其他脚本添加脚本信息：

    #vim cs.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        cat > $1 <<EOF
        #!/bin/bash
        #Name: `basename $1`
        #Description:
        #Author:TEST
        #Version:0.0.1
        #Datatime:`date "+%F +%T"`
        #Usage:`basename $1`
        EOF
        vim +8 $1
2.修改脚本，若打开的脚本中有内容，则直接打开，若为空则添加信息。
    #vim cs.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        if ! grep “[^[::space]]” $1 &> /dev/null ; then
            cat > $1 <<EOF
            #!/bin/bash
            #Name: `basename $1`
            #Description:
            #Author:TEST
            #Version:0.0.1
            #Datatime:`date "+%F +%T"`
            #Usage:`basename $1`
            EOF
             vim +8 $1
        fi
        vim  + $1
3.修改脚本，添加语法测试功能。若有错误让用户选择是否退出编辑。
     #vim cs.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        if ! grep “[^[::space]]” $1 &> /dev/null ; then
            cat > $1 <<EOF
            #!/bin/bash
            #Name: `basename $1`
            #Description:
            #Author:TEST
            #Version:0.0.1
            #Datatime:`date "+%F +%T"`
            #Usage:`basename $1`
            EOF
             vim +8 $1
        fi
        vim  + $1
        until banshi -n $1 &> /dev/null ;do
            read  -p "Syntax error ,q|Q for quit,others for edit." OPT
            case $1 in {
                q|Q )
                    echo "quit"
                    exit 5
                    ;;
                *)
                      vim + $1
                      ;;
            }
            esac
        done
        chmod +x $1
4.使用刚才的cs.sh创建脚本，并为脚本添加选项的功能。：
    #./cs.sh opt.sh
             #!/bin/bash
            #Name: opt.sh
            #Description:
            #Author:TEST
            #Version:0.0.1
            #Datatime:xxxx-xxxx
            #Usage:opt.sh
            function USAGE() {
                echo "Usage:  opt.sh [-b|-d] args"
            }
            while getopts  ":b:d:"  SW ;do
                case $SW in
                    b)
                        echo "the option is  b"
                        echo $OPTARG
                        ;;
                    d)
                        echo "the option is d"
                        echo $OPTARG
                        ;;
                    \?)
                        echo "wrong options"
                        USAGE
                        ;;
                esac
            done
        #./opt.sh -b test1
        #./opt.sh -d test2
        #./opt.sh -c test3
5.修改 sc.sh，创建脚本时使用选项让用户输入description。
      #vim cs.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        while getopts ":d:" SW;do
            case $SW in
                d)
                    DESC=$OPTARG
                \?)
                    echo "Usage: sc.sh [-d DESCRIPTION] FILENAME"
            esca
        done
        shift $[$OPTIND-1]
        if ! grep “[^[::space]]” $1 &> /dev/null ; then
            cat > $1 <<EOF
            #!/bin/bash
            #Name: `basename $1`
            #Description:$DESC
            #Author:TEST
            #Version:0.0.1
            #Datatime:`date "+%F +%T"`
            #Usage:`basename $1`
            EOF
             vim +8 $1
        fi
        vim  + $1
        until banshi -n $1 &> /dev/null ;do
            read  -p "Syntax error ,q|Q for quit,others for edit." OPT
            case $1 in {
                q|Q )
                    echo "quit"
                    exit 5
                    ;;
                *)
                      vim + $1
                      ;;
            }
            esac
        done
        chmod +x $1   
6.编辑opt.sh，查看OPTIND的具体情况。
    #vim opt.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        #Name: opt.sh
        #Description:
        #Author:TEST
        #Version:0.0.1
        #Datatime:xxxx-xxxx
        #Usage:opt.sh
        function USAGE() {
            echo "Usage:  opt.sh [-b|-d] args"
        }
        while getopts  ":bd"  SW ;do
            case $SW in
                b)
                    echo "the option is  b"
                    echo $OPTARG
                    echo $OPTIND
                    ;;
                d)
                    echo "the option is d"
                    echo $OPTARG
                    echo $OPTIND
                    ;;
                \?)
                    echo "wrong options"
                    USAGE
                    ;;
            esac
        done
    #./opt.sh -b
        2
    #./opt.sh -b -d
        2
        3
7.写一个脚本ift.sh，可以接受选项 i I a ，要求如下：
    usage如下： ift.sh [-i INTERFACE|-I  IP| -a ]
    -i 显示指定网卡的ip地址，-I 显示IP地址对应的接口，-a显示出io接口外的所有接口和ip信息。
    #vim ift.sh
        #!/bin/bash
        SHOWIP() {
            if  ! ifconfig|grep -o "^[^[:space:]]\{1,\}" |grep $1 &> /dev/null; then
                return 15
            fi
            echo -n "${1}: "
            ifconfig $1 |grep -o "inet addr:[0-9\.]\{1,\}" |cut -d: -f2
            echo
        }
        SHOWIF(){
            if ! ifconfig |grep  -o "inet addr:[0-9\.]\{1,\}" |cut -d: -f2|grep $1 &> /dev/null;then
                return 16
            fi
            echo -n "${1}:"
            ifconfig |grep -B 1 "$1" |grep -o "^[^[:space:]]\{1,\}"
            echo
        }
        SHOWALL(){
          暂时没想出来 先空着！！稍后补齐
        }
        while getopts  ":i:I:a:" SW ;do
            case $SW in
                i)
                    SHOWIP $OPTARG
                    if [$? -eq 15] && echo "wrong interface!"
                    ;;
                I)
                    SHOWIF $OPTARG
                    f [$? -eq 16] && echo "wrong ip!"
                    ;;
                a)
                    SHOWALL
                    ;;
                \?)
                    echo “Usage ift.sh [-i INTERFACE|-I  IP| -a ]”
                    ;;
            esac
            
#getopts "[:]OPTION[:]..." [OPTARG]
    内置参数：
        OPTARG 参数
        OPTIND 选项索引，脚本中有多个选项时，最开始指向第二个选项，注意不是第一个！！ 。使用shift后则指向第三个选项，以此类推。
    OPTION 选项可以有多个，如果参数后边有 OPTARG选项内置的参数，选项后如果后参数，则要在选项后边加上冒号（:）。
    若不想输出错误信息，则在所有选项最前头加上冒号（:）。
    注意，一次只能跟一个选项，不能跟多个。